strength steel
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- The carbon content of steel affects many of its essential properties, e.g., hardness and mechanical strength.
- It is very important to predict fatigue life and limit of steels for material design and they are affected by microstructures.
- Stretch flanging of steel sheets is an important formability issue for automobile industry.
- Steel structures are usually damaged by disasters.
- Copper is known to have a strong detrimental effect on the ductility of ferritic steels subjected to neutron irradiation at 288C (550F).
- Recently, low-density Fe-Mn-Al-C steels have attracted attention because of their low density with excellent combinations of strength and ductility.
- Ferrite-martensite dual-phase high-strength steels exhibit good formability.
- Fracture toughness testing is today used in several countries in integrity assessment work of structures of older steels with unknown toughness properties, the majority erected more than half a century ago.
- Maraging steels are martensitic steels hardened by precipitation of intermetallic compounds in thermal aging, with good machining properties and high strength, fracture toughness and corrosion resistance, being used in aircraft parts and rocket motor-case, tooling applications and nuclear plants.
- The use of high strength steels (HSS) in automotive components is steadily increasing as automotive designers use modern steel grades to improve structural performance, reduce vehicle weight and enhance crash performance.
- The white layer formed in hard cutting is widespread due to the intensive property of hardened steels and it also has important effects on machined surface integrity and service performance.
- Products used in the construction of machines and shipbuilding as well as petrochemical industry, such as shafts, bars, pipes and the like from two-phase stainless steel are currently very popular.
- The existence of residual stresses induced by the welding process is an important reason of cracking and distortion in welded metal structures that may affect the fatigue life and dimensional stability significantly.
- Modern market demands for innovative 21st century materials and products are a driving force for advanced research on innovative engineering materials with elevated properties e.g., advanced high strength steels, aluminum, magnesium, titanium, copper alloys, metallic foams, graphene, etc.
- Understanding irradiation-induced clustering of alloying elements in ferritic steels is of significance in gaining essential knowledge for guiding design and development of advanced ferritic steels with a high resistance to irradiation damage.