cancer molecular
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- TP53, a critical tumour suppressor gene, is mutated in over half of all cancers resulting in mutant-p53 protein accumulation and poor patient survival.
- Neurofibromin (NF1), a tumour suppressor and RAS-GTPase activating protein, is one of the highly mutated genes in cancer.
- Retinoic acid receptor beta2 (RARbeta2) is a tumor suppressor gene frequently hypermethylated in several human neoplasms.
- Kirsten Rat Sarcoma (KRAS) is a master oncogene involved in cellular proliferation and survival and is the most commonly mutated oncogene in all cancers.
- Advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is an aggressive disease with no targeted therapies and poor outcomes.
- Non-Muscle invasive urothelial carcinoma is a variable disease that needs a variety of surgical and non-surgical treatment strategies (Neuzillet et al.
- Genome-scale sequencing creates vast amounts of genomic data, increasing the challenge of clinical sequence variant interpretation.
- Germline TP53 (tumor protein 53) mutations are the molecular basis of a complex cancer predisposition syndrome, the Li-Fraumeni syndrome.
- Alternative splice events (ASES) are significant components of potential oncogenic pathways alterations and play a critical role in malignant cell transformation in a variety of solid and liquid tumors, including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).
- The relative contributions of various therapeutic exposures and underlying host factors, including immune status, to the risk of subsequent cancers, as well as potential interactions between these factors, can be difficult to discern.
- The hypermethylated in cancer 1 (HIC1) gene is epigenetically inactivated in cancer, and in addition, the haploinsufficiency of HIC1 is linked to the development of human Miller-Dieker syndrome.
- A major problem in generating effective antitumor CTL responses is that most tumors express self-antigens to which the immune system is rendered unresponsive due to mechanisms of self-tolerance induction.
- WNT5A is a secreted, noncanonical WNT signaling protein that has been reported to promote progression of several types of cancer, including oral squamous cell carcinoma.
- Point mutations at the tumour suppressor gene p53 are one of the most frequent genetic alterations in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN), which lead to the nuclear accumulation and overexpression of inactive p53 protein.
- Long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 525 (LINC00525), a long noncoding RNA, has been implicated in the carcinogenesis and progression of many human cancer types.