staphylococcus
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- The most common cause of osteomyelitis is Staphylococcus aureus .
- Staphylococci can cause a wide array of infections that can be life threatening.
- Streptococcus agalactiae (group B streptococcus GBS) is the leading cause of neonatal sepsis and meningitis.
- Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are now recognized as the aetiological agents of an important range of infections in humans.
- Invasive Group A Streptococcus (iGAS) disease can cause permanent disability and death.
- Diarrhea caused by Shigella species remains a major public health threat especially in the pediatric population.
- Methicillin-resistant and vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA and VRSA) are zoonotic life-threatening pathogens, and their presence in food raises a public health concern.
- Group B streptococci (GBS) are bacterial species that colonize the vagina in pregnant women and as such may cause serious infections in neonates that passed through the birth channel.
- Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains are a potential threat for food safety because foodborne illness caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus has been reported even though these strains were only associated with nosocomial infections until recently.
- Staphylococcus aureus is a gram-positive pathogenic bacterium and is capable of secreting numerous toxins interfering directly with the host to cause acute infections.
- Although Streptococcus agalactiae has emerged as an important cause of invasive disease, relatively little is known regarding the genetic basis of virulence of this organism.
- In the past decade, treatment of staphylococcal infections has become more challenging due to the emergence of multidrug resistant/meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains, community-associated (CA)-MRSA strains such as USA300 evolving resistance to non-b-lactams, reduced clinical response to vancomycin, and spread of resistance to alternative compounds, such as linezolid, daptomycin and mupirocin (Hill et al.